Lijst van de Europese libellen

 

Met kort commentaar over veranderingen sinds de eerste druk in 1997

De tekst zoals in hoofdstuk 7 van de vierde druk veldgids opgenomen:
Deze lijst bevat alle 130 soorten en 28 ondersoorten die in Europa tot nu toe zijn waargenomen. Als grens van Europa is genomen: de westflank van de Oeral, de Oeralrivier tot de noordflank van de Kaukasus, de noordkant van de Zwarte zee, door de Egeïsche zee (inclusief Kreta, maar zonder de eilanden voor de Turkse kust, zoals Rhodos), door de Middellandse zee naar de Azoren (de Canarische eilanden worden biogeografisch niet tot Europa gerekend), van de Azoren om IJsland heen boven de Noordkaap langs terug naar de Oeral. Daarnaast hebben wij aan het einde van deze lijst de soorten opgenomen die in de Oeral zijn waargenomen maar waarvan nog onduidelijk is of ze ook op de (Europese) westflank zijn gezien. Ook worden de extra soorten genoemd die op Rhodos en op de Canarische eilanden voorkomen, eilanden die door sommigen tot Europa worden gerekend. Tot slot is een lijst toegevoegd van libellen die als exoot in Europa zijn waargenomen.
Soorten die vet zijn weergegeven komen in Noord- en Midden-Europa voor en worden behandeld in deze gids. De overige (onder)soorten komen in Zuid-Europa voor. Van deze soorten zijn summiere beschrijvingen opgenomen in hoofdstuk 9 (ondersoorten die in Zuid-Europa voorkomen zijn niet beschreven in deze gids). Alle andere (onder)soorten zijn met een asterisk (*) aangegeven en komen in het uiterste oosten van Europa voor of zijn erg zeldzaam.
Soorten die tussen [vierkante haken] zijn weergegeven komen niet in Europa voor. Dit betreffen nominaatvormen van soorten waarvan een ondersoort in Europa voorkomt.
Daarnaast zijn er nog veel meer (onder)soorten voor Europa beschreven. Als de taxonomische status van deze (onder)- soorten nog (te) onduidelijk is, zijn ze niet opgenomen in deze lijst. Dus als een (onder)soort op deze lijst ontbreekt, wil dit niet zeggen dat ze niet bestaat maar dat de huidige taxonomische status niet duidelijk is.
Een volledige lijst van alle (onder)soorten van het faunarijk waar Europa toe behoort, het West-Palearctisch gebied, is opgenomen in Ruddek (1996).
Odonata
            Zygoptera
                        Calopterygidae
                                   Calopteryx Leach, 1815
                                               haemorrhoidalis (Vander Linden, 1825)
                                               splendens (Harris, 1782)
                                                           amasina Bartenev, 1911
                                                           balcanica Fudakowski, 1930
                                                           caprai Conci, 1956
                                                           intermedia Selys, 1887*
                                                           mingrelica Selys, 1869
                                                           splendens (Harris, 1782)
                                                           taurica Selys, 1853*

                                               virgo (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                           festiva (Brullé, 1832)*
                                                           meridionalis Selys, 1853
                                                           virgo (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                               xanthostoma (Charpentier, 1825)
 
                        Euphaeidae
                                   Epallage Charpentier, 1840
                                               fatime (Charpentier, 1840)
 
                        Lestidae
                                   Lestes Leach, 1815
                                               barbarus (Fabricius, 1798)
                                               dryas Kirby, 1890
                                               macrostigma (Eversmann, 1836)
                                               parvidens Artobolevski, 1929
                                               sponsa (Hansemann, 1823)
                                               virens (Charpentier, 1825)
                                                           vestalis Rambur, 1842
                                                           virens (Charpentier, 1825)
                                               viridis (Vander Linden, 1825)
                                   Sympecma Burmeister, 1839
                                               fusca (Vander Linden, 1820)
                                               gobica (Förster, 1900)*
                                               paedisca (Brauer, 1877)

 
                        Coenagrionidae
                                   Cercion Navas, 1907
                                               lindenii (Selys, 1840)  
                                  
Coenagrion Kirby, 1890
                                               armatum (Charpentier, 1840)  
                                               caerulescens (Fonscolombe, 1838)
                                                           caerulescens (Fonscolombe, 1838)
                                                           caesarum Schmidt, 1959
                                               ecornutum (Selys, 1872)*
                                               hastulatum (Charpentier, 1825)
                                               hylas (Trybom, 1889)
                                                           freyi Bilek, 1954
                                                           [hylas] (Trybom, 1889)
                                               intermedium Lohmann, 1990
                                               johanssoni (Wallengren, 1894)
                                               lunulatum (Charpentier, 1840)
                                               mercuriale (Charpentier, 1840)
                                                           castellani Roberts, 1948
                                                           mercuriale (Charpentier, 1840)
                                               ornatum (Selys, 1850)
                                               ponticum (Bartenev, 1929)*
                                               puella (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                               pulchellum (Vander Linden, 1825)
                                               scitulum (Rambur, 1842)
                                   Erythromma Charpentier, 1840
                                               najas (Hansemann, 1823)
                                               viridulum (Charpentier, 1840)
                                   Nehalennia Selys, 1850
                                               speciosa (Charpentier, 1840)
                                   Pyrrhosoma Charpentier, 1840
                                               elisabethae Schmidt 1948
                                               nymphula (Sulzer, 1776)
                                   Enallagma Charpentier, 1840
                                               cyathigerum (Charpentier, 1840)
                                   Ischnura Charpentier, 1840
                                               aralensis Haritonov, 1979*
                                               elegans (Vander Linden, 1820)
                                                           ebneri Schmidt, 1939
                                                           elegans (Vander Linden, 1820)
                                               fountaineae Morton, 1905
                                               genei (Rambur, 1842)
                                               graellsii (Rambur, 1842)
                                               hastata (Say, 1839)
                                               pumilio (Charpentier, 1825)
                                   Ceriagrion Selys, 1876
                                               tenellum (Villers, 1789)
                                                           nielseni Schmidt, 1953
                                                           tenellum (Villers, 1789)
                                               georgfreyi Schmidt, 1954*
 
                        Platycnemididae
                                   Platycnemis Burmeister, 1839
                                               acutipennis Selys, 1841
                                               dealbata Selys, 1850*
                                               latipes Rambur, 1842
                                               pennipes (Pallas, 1771)
                                                           nitidula (Brullé, 1832)
                                                           pennipes (Pallas, 1771)
 
            Anisoptera
                        Aeshnidae
                                   Aeshna Fabricius, 1775
                                               affinis Vander Linden, 1820
                                               caerulea (Ström, 1783)
                                               crenata Hagen, 1856
                                               cyanea (Müller, 1764)
                                               grandis (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                               isosceles (Müller, 1767)
                                                           antehumeralis Schmidt, 1950
                                                           isosceles (Müller, 1767)
                                               juncea (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                               mixta Latreille, 1805
                                               serrata Hagen, 1856
                                                           osiliensis Mierzejewski, 1913
                                                           serrata Hagen, 1856*
                                               subarctica Walker, 1908
                                                           elisabethae Djakonov, 1922
                                                           [subarctica] Walker, 1908
                                               viridis Eversman, 1836
                                   Anax Leach, 1815
                                               immaculifrons Rambur, 1842
                                               imperator Leach, 1815
                                               junius (Drury, 1770)
                                               parthenope (Selys, 1839)
                                   Hemianax Selys, 1839
                                               ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839)
                                   Brachytron Evans, 1845
                                               pratense (Müller, 1764)
                                   Caliaeschna Selys, 1883
                                               microstigma (Schneider, 1845)
                                   Boyeria McLachlan, 1896
                                               cretensis, Peters 1991
                                               irene (Fonscolombe, 1838)
 
 
 
                        Gomphidae
                                   Gomphus Leach, 1815
                                               flavipes (Charpentier, 1825)
                                                           flavipes (Charpentier, 1825)
                                                           lineatus Bartenev, 1929
                                               graslinii Rambur, 1842
                                               pulchellus Selys, 1840
                                               schneiderii Selys, 1850
                                               simillimus Selys, 1840
                                               vulgatissimus (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                   Paragomphus Cowley, 1934
                                               genei (Selys, 1841)
                                   Onychogomphus Selys, 1854
                                               assimilis (Schneider, 1845)*
                                               costae Selys, 1885
                                               flexuosus (Schneider, 1845)*
                                               forcipatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                           forcipatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                           unguiculatus (Vander Linden, 1820)
                                               uncatus (Charpentier, 1840)
                                   Ophiogomphus Selys, 1854
                                               cecilia (Fourcroy, 1785)
                                   Lindenia De Haan, 1826
                                               tetraphylla (Vander Linden, 1825)
 
                        Cordulegastridae
                                   Cordulegaster Leach, 1815
                                               bidentata Selys, 1843
                                                           bidentata Selys, 1843
                                                           sicilica Fraser, 1929
                                               boltonii (Donovan, 1807)
                                                           boltonii (Donovan, 1807)
                                                           iberica Boudot & Jacquemin, 1995
                                                           immaculifrons Selys, 1858
                                               helladica (Lohmann, 1993)
                                                           bucholzi (Lohmann, 1993)
                                                           helladica (Lohmann, 1993)
                                                           kastalia (Lohmann, 1993)
                                               heros Theischinger, 1979
                                                           heros Theischinger, 1979
                                                           pelionensis Theischinger, 1979
                                               insignis Schneider, 1854
                                               picta Selys, 1854
                                               trinacriae Waterston, 1976
 
 
                        Corduliidae
                                   Cordulia Leach, 1915
                                               aenea (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                   Epitheca Burmeister, 1839
                                               bimaculata (Charpentier, 1825)
                                   Somatochlora Selys, 1871
                                               alpestris (Selys, 1840)
                                               arctica (Zetterstedt, 1840)
                                               borisi Marinov, 2001
                                               flavomaculata (Vander Linden, 1825)
                                               graeseri Selys, 1887*
                                               metallica (Vander Linden, 1825)
                                               meridionalis Nielsen, 1935
                                               sahlbergi Trybom, 1889
                                   Oxygastra Selys, 1870
                                               curtisii (Dale, 1834)
 
                        Macromiidae
                                   Macromia Rambur, 1842
                                               splendens (Pictet, 1834)
 
                        Libellulidae
                                   Libellula Linnaeus, 1758
                                               depressa Linnaeus, 1758
                                                           depressa Linnaeus, 1758
                                                           taurica Beutler, 1984*
                                               fulva Müller, 1764
                                               quadrimaculata Linnaeus, 1758
                                   Orthetrum Newman, 1833
                                               albistylum (Selys, 1848)
                                               brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837)
                                                           brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837)
                                                           cycnos (Selys, 1848)
                                               cancellatum (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                               chrysostigma (Burmeister, 1839)
                                               coerulescens (Fabricius, 1798)
                                                           anceps (Schneider, 1845)
                                                           coerulescens (Fabricius, 1798)
                                               nitidinerve (Selys, 1841)
                                               sabina (Drury, 1773)*
                                               trinacria (Selys, 1841)
                                   Diplacodes Kirby, 1889
                                               lefebvrii (Rambur, 1842)
                                   Brachythemis Brauer, 1868
                                               leucosticta (Burmeister, 1839)
 
                                   Crocothemis Brauer, 1868
                                               erythraea (Brullé, 1832)
                                   Sympetrum Newman, 1833
                                               arenicolor Jödicke, 1994*
                                               danae (Sulzer, 1776)
                                               depressiusculum (Selys, 1841)
                                               flaveolum (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                               fonscolombii (Selys, 1840)
                                               meridionale (Selys, 1841)
                                               pedemontanum (Allioni, 1766)
                                               sanguineum (Müller, 1764)
                                                           obsoletum Bartenev, 1919*
                                                           sanguineum (Müller, 1764)
                                               sinaiticum Dumont, 1977
                                               striolatum (Charpentier, 1840)
                                                           nigrescens Lucas, 1912
                                                           striolatum (Charpentier, 1840)
                                               tibiale (Ris, 1897)*
                                               vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                           ibericum Ocharan, 1985
                                                           vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                   Leucorrhinia Brittinger, 1850
                                               albifrons (Burmeister, 1839)
                                               caudalis (Charpentier, 1840)
                                               dubia (Vander Linden, 1825)
                                                           dubia (Vander Linden, 1825
                                                           circassica Bartenev, 1929*
                                               pectoralis (Charpentier, 1825)
                                               rubicunda (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                   Trithemis Brauer, 1868
                                               annulata (Palisot de Beauvois, 1807)
                                   Zygonyx Hagen, 1867
                                               torrida (Kirby, 1889)
                                   Pantala Hagen, 1861
                                               flavescens (Fabricius, 1798)
                                   Selysiothemis Ris, 1897
                                               nigra (Vander Linden, 1825)
 
 
Daarnaast zouden de volgende (onder)soorten in het Europese deel van de Oeral kunnen voorkomen:
 
                        Coenagrion hylas hylas (Trybom, 1889)
                        Leucorrhinia dubia orientalis Selys, 1887
  
Rhodos en de Canarische eilanden worden door sommigen tot Europa gerekend. Op Rhodos zijn de volgende (onder)soorten waargenomen:
                       
                        Onychogomphus forcipatus albotibialis Schmidt, 1954
                        Orthetrum taeniolatum (Schneider, 1845)
                        Trithemis festiva (Rambur, 1842)
 
En op de Canarische eilanden komen de volgende soorten voor:
 
                        Ischnura saharensis Aguesse, 1958
                        Platycnemis subdilatata Selys, 1849
                        Sympetrum nigrifemur (Selys, 1884)
                        Trithemis arteriosa (Burmeister, 1839)
 
De volgende exotische soorten, doorgaans meegekomen als larven en waargenomen in onder andere tropische kassen, zijn ooit gemeld uit Europa (het continent van herkomst is vermeld, evenals de landen waarin de soort is aangetroffen):
 
Coenagrionidae
                        Agriocnemis femina (Brauer, 1868) – Azië, NL
                        Argia fummipennis (Burmeister, 1839) – Amerika, GB
                        Ceriagrion cerinorubellum (Brauer, 1865) – Azië, GB
                        Enallagma signatum (Hagen, 1861) – Amerika, GB
                        Ischnura posita (Hagen, 1861) – Amerika, GB
                        Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur, 1842) – Azië/Afrika, GB/SF
                        Pseudagrion microcephalum (Rambur, 1842) – Azië, SF
 
Aeshnidae
                        Anax gibbosulus Rambur, 1842 – Azië/Australië, GB
                        Anax guttatus (Burmeister, 1839) – Azië, GB/SF
 
Gomphidae
                        Ictinogomphus decoratus melaenops (Selys, 1858) – Azië, NL
 
Libellulidae
                        Celithemis eponina (Drury, 1773)– Amerika, NL
                        Crocothemis servilia (Drury, 1770) – Azië, GB
                        Erythemis simplicicollis (Say, 1839) – Amerika, GB
                        Neurothemis fluctuans (Fabricius, 1793) – Azië, NL/SF
                        Orthetrum japonicum internum McLachlan, 1894 – Azië, SF
                        Pachydiplax longipennis (Burmeister, 1839) – Amerika, GB
                        Rhodothemis rufa (Rambur, 1842) – Azië, GB
                        Sympetrum eroticum (Selys, 1883) – Azië, LV
                        Tramea transmarina euryale Selys, 1878 – Azië, GB
                        Urothemis bisignata Brauer, 1868 – Azië/Australië, GB
 
(GB=Groot-Brittannië, LV=Letland, NL=Nederland, SF=Finland)